Apa itu Ortodontik?

a) Rupa bentuk gigi:

• Gigi terlalu jongang (rahang atas ke hadapan)
• Gigi taring terkeluar dari susunannya
• Gigi depan berlapis, tidak rata
• Celahan gigi yang besar

b) Fungsi gigitan terganggu:

• Gigitan terbuka(tidak rapat)
• Gigi berlapis (menyebabkan makanan tersumbat dan sukar dibersihkan)
• Sukar menggigit kerana rasa sakit pada sendi di hadapan telinga
• Sukar untuk merapatkan bibir (bernafas melalui mulut)

Tiada had umur tertentu dikenakan untuk menerima rawatan ini. Namun, secara amnya gigi orang muda lebih mudah pergerakannya berbanding orang yang telah berusia.

Rawatan ini tidak perlu menunggu semua gigi kekal keluar. Seawal 7 tahun kanak-kanak boleh menjalani pemeriksaan bersama doktor samada memerlukan ortodontik atau tidak. Sebenarnya pada usia ini kanak-kanak sudah boleh mula merancang rawatan ortodontik mereka mengikut beberapa fasa:

- Sebelum masalah terjadi iaitu untuk kanak-kanak bawah umur (10-12 tahun).
Jika dirawat awal, hasil rawatan lebih memuaskan dan mengelakkan berlakunya rawatan yang rumit pada masa akan datang. Rawatan lanjut (fasa kedua) diperlukan sekiranya masih mengalami masalah yang sama. Biasanya rawatan fasa kedua lebih mudah dilakukan.

- Selepas masalah terjadi iaitu pada remaja dan golongan dewasa.
Pada masa ini, pertumbuhan tulang biasanya sudah selesai, masa rawatan yang paling baik sudah terlepas dan rawatan juga kurangberbanding dengan kanak-kanak.

Jika gigi terlalu keluar atau sesak, cabutan mungkin diperlukan.

Rawatan mudah mungkin mengambil masa 3-6 bulan, kebanyakan kes mengambil masa 1- 1 setengah  tahun, dan mungkin lebih jika kes yang sukar (modifikasi pertumbuhan tulang).

• Relapse: Gigi cenderung balik ke kedudukan asalnya.
• Dekalsifikasi pada gigi yang tidak dijaga bersih
• Gusi tidak sihat  (gigi longgar)

Apakah jenis-jenis rawatan yang terdapat dalam ortodontik?
Secara kasarnya, rawatan ini terbahagi kepada 2 jenis iaitu:

1. Removable/Boleh tanggal- Boleh ditanggalkan oleh pesakit.
2. Fixed/ Tetap-  Tidak boleh ditanggalkan oleh pesakit

                                                Fixed                                              Removable 

1. Sebelum rawatan: Pastikan anda memberikan komitmen dan bersedia dari segi psikologi untuk menerima rawatan.
2. Semasa rawatan: Kerjasama anda adalah penting supaya hasil rawatan yang baik dapat dicapai. Anda seharusnya hadir pada jangka masa yang ditetapkanPada waktu ini juga penjagaan kebersihan gigi perlu dititikberatkan bagi mengelakkan gigi bertukar warna
3. Selepas rawatan:  ‘Retainer’ sementara atau kekal mungkin diperlukan untuk mengelakkan gigi kembali ke kedudukan asalnya.

Rawatan ortodontik menurut Islam:
- Pendakap gigi ini adalah bertujuan membetulkan kedudukan gigi atau merawat gigi.

Nabi saw bersabda :
“Allah melaknat wanita yang membuat tattoo dan wanita yang telah memakainya, wanita yang mencabut bulu diwajahnya dan wanita yang telah melakukannya, dan wanita yang meluaskan jarak diantara gigi mereka atau orang lain bagi tujuan kecantikan, menukar apa yang Allah telah ciptakan” - (Shahih Muslim #3966).

Imam Al-Nawawi rh didalam memberi komentar terhadap hadith diatas menjelaskan :-
“Meluaskan jarak gigi - maknanya sesuatu yang dilakukan keatas gigi bagi menjadi seseorang itu kelihatan cantik, dan ini menunjukkan bahawa ia adalah HARAM, iaitu apabila dilakukan bagi tujuan kecantikan, akan tetapi bagi merawat masalah yang berlaku kepada gigi, maka tidak ada salah melakukan, Dan ALLAH yang lebih tahu sebaiknya.”



Khairuddin Wan Ishak
Tahun 2, Fakulti Pergigian,
Universiti Mansurah. 

Gambar contoh bil elektrik (Sila klik untuk paparan lebih besar)

Takrif elektrik naik!

• Pertama, gunakan pisau yang tajam. Pisau yang tajam dapat mengurangkan kecederaan pada sel bawang, yang mana hal ini akan menyebabkan gas yang memedihkan mata terbebas.
• Kedua, potong bawang di dalam atau di bawah air kerana air boleh melarutkan bahan kimia yang dikeluarkan oleh bawang.
• Ketiga, simpan bawang di dalam peti sejuk sebelum memotongnya. Suhu yang sejuk boleh menghalang bahan kimia tersebut daripada terbebas.
• Keempat, gunakan kipas untuk mengalihkan gas asid sulfurik jauh dari anda. Selamat mencuba!

1.  Agenda kebersamaan iaitu untuk meraikan ahli yang pelbagai dan menekankan konsep ahli-pimpinan dan juga pimpinan-ahli.
2. Daripada ahli untuk ahli. Suatu konsep mudah yang digunapakai menerangkan tentang seorang ahli yang memberikan sesuatu (idea, tenaga & wang) akan terpalit faedahnya untuk ahli yang lain.
3. Penerapan fikrah kesatuan dan Islami dalam semua gerak kerja PCM juga individu-individu yang menggerakkannya.
4.  Mencorak fenomena mahasiswa/wi ideal.

Brutttttt~~~ah!
Oh my, what a way to start an article. There’s nothing wrong about farting, as long as you release it quietly in public as people tend to get annoyed by the sound and smell.

Well, let’s start by learning all about the fun facts of fart and its benefit to our body.

Fun Facts of Farts
• An average fart is made of:
59% nitrogen
21% hydrogen
9% carbon dioxide
7% methane
4% oxygen
1% hydrogen sulfide, the smelly part
100% original fart

• A fart is mostly produced by E.coli. E. coli are enterobacteria that are commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. There are different types of E. coli. Mostly are normal flora and only cause people to fart.
• Less than 1% of a fart is made up of the chemicals that stink, but they're so pungent that people can smell them at levels of 1 part in 100 million.
• Most farts are flammable, because of the methane and hydrogen they contain. So don’t try to ignite your farts as you might get burn.

• A fart has at the time of creation the temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. This is 37 degrees Celsius the same as your body should be. A portable heating system.
• A fart has reached the speed of 10 feet per second. This is 3.05 meters per second.
• We each have an average of 14 occurrences of farts per day.
• A fart can be regarded as "aerosolized poop" which means that microscopic fragments and droplets of poop are actually distributed throughout the gaseous matrix of the fart, the components of the fart can penetrate one's clothing and these tiny particles can be trapped in clothes. That’s perhaps one of the reasons why we need to take our wudhuk after passing gas? So, holding them back for example until prayer time is fine except you may feel stomach pain if you held it too long.

For an excessive amount of daily farts there can be many reasons. These include:
• Smoking
• Lactose intolerance
• Eating certain foods
• Swallowing too much air
• An overabundance of bacteria in the colon

Excessive farts or flatulence may be a symptom of a serious health problem such as:
• Appendicitis
• Gallstones
• Stomach ulcers
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)


HOW CAN I CONTROL FLATULENCE?

Controlling ordinary flatulence is basically a matter of watching how you eat and what you eat. You may wish to monitor your intake of high-fibre foods such as cabbage, corn, and beans to determine which may be causing a problem.
Beans are famous for their wind-inducing properties. However, they are less likely to lead to flatulence if they are soaked overnight along with a couple of tablespoons of vinegar. They should be then be drained and rinsed before cooking in fresh water.


Eating slowly and chewing food for longer time allows the enzymes in saliva to break the food down before it enters the stomach and digestive tract. The more that food is chewed, the more it is broken down for the digestive system. What's more, swallowed air is a prime cause of flatulence, and careful chewing avoids the swallowing of air that occurs when food is eaten too quickly.
Some processed food items contain ingredients, such as sweeteners or preservatives that can induce wind, especially:
• Dietetic foods
• Sugar free sweets and chewing gum
• Fizzy drinks
• Whole grains

So cut down on these food offenders which causes gas such as mentioned above and also dairy products and so on. If it becomes a real problem, then it’s better to consult your doctor.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF FARTING
It seems that expelling farts or medically known as flatulence – lowers blood pressure. Okay, you don’t really have to smell the health benefits, but the next time you fart in public, remind them that you’re simply trying to stay healthy~

Researchers at Johns Hopkins University, in Maryland, have discovered that the gas leading to flatulence is produced from an enzyme called CSE – long suspected as being responsible for making hydrogen sulphide, H2S.
H2S is a toxic gas whose use might now be further developed to help with blood pressure treatment. This is because CSE is also a substance that also relaxes the blood vessels and lowers blood pressure. CSE production starts inside the cells that line the blood vessels. The odour comes from bacteria in the gut that generate small amounts of hydrogen sulphide.

Scientists engineered mice that were deficient in CSE, depleting their levels of hydrogen sulphide. The mice were found to have blood pressure readings 20 mm/Hg higher than normal mice. They then added a blood pressure drug, methacholine, that relaxes the blood vessels but it didn’t help. That told the researchers that hydrogen sulphide is responsible for the blood vessel relaxation.

“This study shows that smelly hydrogen sulphide is also likely to have a role in regulating blood pressure and it will be a bit of an impetus for scientists to develop more specific tools to work out what’s going on,”

Now we see that low levels of hydrogen sulphide are necessary for better health, while high levels are toxic. Scientists hope the findings will lead to new options for treating high blood pressure, a condition that has steadily become more prevalent worldwide.


So there you have folks! The next time you’re thinking whether to fart or not, just let it all out as it is
good for health and you can make it as loud or as silent but DEADLY as you like, as long as you’re alone or in the toilet~


Done by,
Anis Natrah binti Muhammad Khairulailzaki,
Journalist of Publication and Information Unit,
PERUBATAN Cawangan Mansurah